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Sunday, 7 October 2012

Spanish Trips Through Comic Strips

Posted on 09:51 by the khali
Comics are often more interesting and engaging than dry textbooks or novels. Their illustrative graphic format provides for an incredibly engaging and stress-free Spanish language absorption environment as inexpensively as it gets. This important feature makes comics an important immersion tool for Spanish learners. Most of us have devoured scores of comic books as kids totally unaware of their contribution to our acquisition of English. Most of us who are learning Spanish remain oblivious of the fact that Spanish has an equally rich arsenal of legendary comic characters that can more than enrich our learning experience!

Why comics?


In one of the first few articles posted here on easy Spanish immersion techniques, we had discussed the possibilities of using comics for learning Spanish. We assimilate better when our emotions are stoked and amusement is the most positive of emotions which can be easily exploited by language learners. One of the least complicated sources of wholesome amusement is comics. Other than being lightweight and stress-free, pictures and line-arts also provide the ever-important context for unfamiliar vocabulary. Original Spanish comics with Hispanic characters offer valuable insight into the culture and lifestyle of the Spanish-speaking world. It is widely known and accepted that comic books put least strain on the learner’s mind which can thus be put to better use acquiring Spanish.

Comic books are particularly intriguing as it’s very easy for us to identify with the characters and plots in the most subtle manner. While attempting to understand what’s being said, we can intuitively pick up cues from the cartoon frames. This is the context that pushes us into guessing the meaning of unfamiliar phrases and, if proven correct, the guess stays embedded in our memory for longer than otherwise. It’s like a challenging puzzle we are keen to solve and any success motivates us further helping the cause.

Where do I get them?


The world's most favorite cat also speaks Spanish
The world's most favorite cat also speaks Spanish
Photo credit: hdaniel licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
Getting hold of Spanish comic books is not a problem if you are already living in a Spanish-speaking country on either sides of the Atlantic. Even if you are from a country with a significant Latino population, such as the United States or Canada, you are not totally out of luck. All you need is to explore the section of your city where most Latinos are concentrated and, more often than not, any bookstore in such neighborhoods should have a reasonable stock of Spanish-language materials.

Don’t live in a Spanish-speaking country? Live someplace like India? Fret not for that’s where the rich, vast ocean called Internet chips in. One universally recognized online reservoir for comics, both English and Spanish, is GoComics®, and another relatively unknown yet incredibly rich source is Webcomics®. Using this site, you have two options: Comics originally in Spanish, and comics originally in English but translated in Spanish. Both sources have their own merits.

Translated or original?


Your favorite superhero speaking Spanish
Your favorite superhero speaking Spanish
Photo credit: xmoltarx licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
If you read regular English-language comics in Spanish, e.g., Garfield, Dilbert, etc., the familiar context makes absorption even easier. If you have been a prolific reader of any particular English character, say, Garfield, you benefit a lot from reading the Spanish version of the same series as you won’t be referring to the dictionary as often as expected.

However, reading comics with originally Hispanic characters has a different kind of advantage. While the context is unfamiliar, it does give you priceless hints of what the Hispanic culture is. While understanding the culture is not integral to language acquisition, it does have a subtle positive impact. Here’s a list of some of the comics that you can read as much for amusement as for acquiring Spanish. All of them are available digitally on GoComics® for free.

Top 4 comic characters in the Hispanic world


Condorito: The iconic Argentinean comic character
Condorito: The iconic Argentinean comic character
Photo credit: Juliana Restrepo licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
Condorito – This one is a strip featuring an anthropomorphic condor living in a fictitious town named Pelotillehue, a typical small Chilean provincial town; he has been portrayed as a representation of the average Latino. The strip has a simple, non-linear presentation so that each page is an independent joke with no connection whatsoever with others. The humor is quite sexist and often cloaked in double-entendres. The subject character typicaly happens to be the butt of the strip’s joke and, as a result, often falls backwards.

Baldo – Baldomero Bermudez, a teenage Latino, whose main interests are cars and girls, is the flagship character of this American comic strip, billed as the first of its kind to feature Latino characters and themes. Despite its light-humor format, Baldo has often played with some of the key socio-political issues relevant to the Hispanic community, such as, lottery scams, the 2006 US immigration reform protests, etc.

Gaturro – This is a well-known Argentine comic strip featuring a cat of the same name as the protagonist who lives with his owners who have raised him since childhood. He is a bit of a troublemaker and that is why his owners often send him to school, more to keep him away than for the sake of education. Gaturro is often shown to enjoy roaming his neighborhood’s rooftops where he interacts with other characters from his neighborhood.

Liō – An American pantomime strip with little or no dialogue, this one revolves around a creative and mischievous kid called Liō who lives with his father and pets. While his mother is deceased with no explanation as to how she died, his father though unnamed is often portrayed as a key character serving as the butt of Liō’s pranks. The father also has to get Liō out of difficult situations at times but quite often it is shown that the father-son truly love each other.
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Posted in Resources | No comments

Use Twitter, Learn Better

Posted on 07:51 by the khali
An insane amount of input in Spanish is your ticket to fluency and one of the simplest ways of going into an immersion overdrive is right under your nose: The social network! You heard that right. Total immersion means just that. Total. Absolute. What a waste, in that case, to still be using services like Twitter® and Facebook® in English when they are all available in Spanish without any compromise whatsoever in functionality! If your goal is to eventually speak the Spanish language like you were born with it, spare nothing. Not even your social life. Spanish must invade every aspect of your lifestyle no matter what.

When addiction is good


Make your social network work for you!
Make your social network work for you!
Photo credit: Tanja Scherm licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
By now you must have guessed where this is going. That the social network is addictive, is no secret today. We all have stories to tell if asked about the amount of time we have spent glued to our Facebook® and Twitter® feeds everyday. What we never realized, though, is how this addiction can be made to work for us! This addiction can be even more serious if you are a smartphone user and have your social networking accounts configured on your handheld.

So how much time do you think you spend on these sites as a daily average? If you have a computer at home, another at work, and a smartphone in between, all wired to suck you into your virtual world at your slightest fancy, chances are you are not spending less than an hour living Facebook® and/or Twitter® every day. Imagine the result if this window of opportunity were to be exploited to work for you! Imagine if spending more time on your social networks could mean learning more Spanish! Why detox when the addiction can itself work for you? Confused? Trust me, the idea is as simple as it gets.

Make them speak Spanish


In one of the earlier posts on easy Spanish immersion, we explored how switching your Operating System to the Spanish language works wonders for subtle input. On similar lines, your immersion environment will be more, well, immersive if you go beyond the OS switch to Spanish in as many things around you as practically possible. And one of the easiest means of achieving this state of Nirvana is by switching to Spanish on each of your social network accounts. Since, most of use Facebook® and Twitter® way more heavily than any other network, it pays to switch them to Spanish. So, “profile” becomes perfil, “message” becomes mensaje, “search” becomes buscar, and in the most unobtrusive way possible, Spanish takes over your virtual life before you even know it.

This sounds more difficult than it actually is. You might think it will get frustrating to have to look up the links and menu options in the dictionary every time you log into your accounts but trust me it won’t. Your brain is an amazing device and adapts to the new language incredibly fast. Since, the frequency with which you encounter the same options in Spanish is reasonable high, they will sink in and be a part of your regular vocabulary just like their English counterparts in no time. It worked for me. Why just settle with Facebook® or Twitter®? Go beserk, switch everything to Spanish...Google®, Gmail®, whatever you use regularly. Make Spanish a part of your online lifestyle.

Learning Spanish in 140 letters


Another very interesting method that I exploited successfully, thanks to Ramses of The Language Dojo, is to subscribe to Spanish-speakers on Facebook® or Twitter®. This works way better on Twitter® as subscribing to random persons’ tweets is completely unobtrusive because you don’t have to add them as friends like you have to on Facebook®. All you need to do is identify some prolific Spanish-language Twitter®-users and follow them. Then you can go a step further and add some of those whom these users follow, and so on. This way, you will have a constant stream of Spanish texts that you can read and practise translating to gain not only language proficiency but also an insight into the Hispanic culture as most tweets reflect Spanish as spoken in the streets. The most effective way is to follow users from the country whose dialect you intend to eventually master. That way you will be exposed to the target dialect of Spanish right from the start.

The biggest benefit of Twitter® in this context is what many would call its biggest limitation: Its 140-character limit on tweets. You don’t want the burn-out that hits you when you are dumped with a huge 500-letter text in an alien language forcing you to open the dictionary dozens of times. Short, crisp tweets mean you will be able to understand new words without always having to open the dictionary and the absorption is going to be more subtle and less frustrating. And throw in the bonus that comes in the form of interesting cultural insight these tiny texts could offer into the native users’ lives. I have often learned about important goings-on and current affairs in the Hispanic world exclusively through Twitter® and the irony is, I get a much better depth and feel of the news reading those short tweets than I do reading more detailed accounts offered by news sites!

Hope this article has given your thought process a new direction and inspired you further in your Spanish-acquisition endeavor. It just can’t get any lazier. Just take the plunge and let the never-ending stream of tweets condition your mind.
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Posted in Immersion, Resources | No comments

Friday, 5 October 2012

Top 25 Telenovelas From 5 Spanish-Speaking Countries

Posted on 08:47 by the khali
When it comes to nailing the Spanish language, it’s no secret that television is the most entertaining way to maximize immersion and, consequently, Spanish acquisition. While they can be excessively clichéd and predictive, telenovelas are still no less powerful when it comes to delivering a healthy dose of concentrated, authentic, native Spanish. However, the biggest challenge most if not all rookie Spanish-learners face with this method lies in knowing where and how to get started and what shows to pick for maximum juice. These are the questions we will explore in this article and see how learning can also be entertaining.

What is a telenovela?


To begin with, let’s first understand what beasts these telenovelas actually are. Contrary to popular misconception, they are not the Hispanic equivalent of our soaps and sitcoms. In fact, they don’t even have any parallel in the English-speaking world. While soap operas have a never ending storyline with the same characters essaying an indefinitely long sequence of events, telenovelas are more concise. Most telenovelas are done with a complete story in mind right at inception which means they are conceived as a limited-run program, generally less than a year, with a well-defined beginning, middle, and ending. The storyline often carries a strong sociocultural message and is invariably laden with drama and emotions.

As noted above, the main difference between a telenovela and a regular American soap is that the former almost never runs indefinitely. On an average, a telenovela would be programmed with 120 episodes aired during prime time throughout the week except weekends.

How to make the most out of them


No matter what they say, telenovelas rule their living rooms!
No matter what they say, telenovelas rule their living rooms!
Photo credit: Gabriel Saldana licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
Every minute you spend in front of the tube watching a telenovela is worth hours of training in some godforsaken language learning institute’s classroom, perhaps even more. We recommend no less than an hour everyday for the process to be truly effective.

The best way to watch telenovelas for Spanish acquisition is to tape an episode (if not already recorded) and watch it over and over again, minute-by-minute, dialog-by-dialog, and scene-by-scene. Rewind, watch, rewind again, and then watch again...using the dictionary for look-up and SRS or flashcards for future reference and retention. For some, using a notebook to write down interesting dialogs verbatim works wonders. Choose your style but there’s no denying that telenovelas are the absolute couch potato’s ultimate Spanish sponge!

Now, let’s figure out what to watch. What follows is a list of top-five telenovelas in each of the five key countries where Spanish is the native tongue. The list is by no means exhaustive but if you follow these shows, you will be closely following most Spanish natives in these countries. If you are lucky to be living either in or around any of these countries, they are all right there for you on your TV. Just contact your cable operator and ask for canales (channels) like Telemundo® or Univision®. If you aren’t that lucky and live far from any Spanish-speaking society, you still have two options: Either buy box sets of any of these shows from your local store or get them online at Amazon®, etc. There’s just no excuse for not trying them now, is there?

Argentina


Rebelde Way – Follows the lives of a bunch of wealthy boys and girls of a prestigious boarding high school near Buenos Aires

Floricienta – A loose adaption of the story of Cenicienta (Cinderella in Latin America) drawing parallels with “The Sound of Music”

Botineras – Revolves around the lives of soccer players, their love-lives, and police investigations

Los Roldán – A comic tale revolving around Tito Roldán, a fictitious supermercado (supermarket) driver in rural Argentina

Resistiré – A 2003 telenovela featuring a beautiful woman trying to balance her life between her terrorist fiancé and a handsome tailor

“Ugly Betty” was a direct spin-off from Colombia’s “Yo Soy Betty, La Fea”
“Ugly Betty” was a direct spin-off from Colombia’s “Yo Soy Betty, La Fea”
Photo credit: Diego Torres Silvestre licensed CC BY 2.0

Colombia


El Último Matrimonio Feliz – Follows the lives of five women undergoing different kinds of marital crises

La Hija Del Mariachi – A story revolving around the relationship of Rosario Guerrero and Emiliano Gallardo

En Los Tacones De Eva – The story of Juan Camilo Caballero, an ambitious, unscrupulous businessman and his exploits with Isabella Nieto, a direct business rival

Hasta Que La Plata Nos Separe – A tragicomedy relating the story of Rafael Méndez, a young and unpretentious businessman who vends anything possible to earn a livelihood for his mother and sister

Yo Soy Betty, La Fea – A 1999 comic soap that spawned “Ugly Betty” years later

Mexico


Rebelde – A popular teen series set in an elite Mexico City prep school not much different from “90210” or “Saved By the Bell”; a remake of Argentina’s “Rebelde Way”

Martin Garatuza – A period romance set in colonial Mexico based on the life of Martin Garatuza, a legendary trickster in Mexican folklore

Simplemente Maria – Revolves around the life of an innocent small-town girl who goes to work in a wealthy Mexico City household and is wooed by Juan Carlos, a rich boy

Maria La Del Barrio – A Mexican working-class melodrama revolving around an orphaned teenage girl placed in the family of her priest’s wealthy benefactor

Clase 406 – One of the most popular Mexican telenovela depicting modern Mexican teen culture and its underlying problems like drugs, sex, heartbreaks, and abuse

Spain


Telenovelas are often called culebrones (long snakes) in Spain due to their complicated plots and here are some of the most popular ones:

Escenas De Matrimonio – Shows fun moments in the lives of several couples living in the same building

Los Hombres De Paco – A comedy show focusing on a group of cops in San Antonio, a fictitious Madrid neighborhood

Los Serrano – A hugely popular sitcom revolving around a Serrano family living in Round Santa Justa No. 133 in the fictional neighborhood of Santa Justa, in the Ribera del Manzanares, in Madrid

Yo Soy Bea – Spain’s adaptation of Colombia’s “Yo Soy Betty, La Fea”

Supervivientes – Spain’s very own version of the popular English show, “Survivors”

Chile


¿Dónde Está Elisa? – The story of a teenage girl who disappears, a relative being the culprit

Machos – The ordeal of Ángel Mercader, a native doctor of Viña del Mar, in bringing up his seven sons

Témpano – The story of the wealthy Graun family and the suspense surrounding the goings-on aboard one of the family-owned vessels on the ice in southern Chile

Primera Dama – An interesting soap detailing the life of Sabina Astudillo, an ordinary yet ambitious woman trying hard to seduce a presidential candidate in the hopes of becoming the First Lady of Chile

Mujeres De Lujo – Essays the lives of a group of prostitutes in a brothel

Some other day, we will explore the best other Spanish-speaking countries have to offer. Until then, hope you do manage to find your favorites from amongst these shows. Amassing an envious inventory of Spanish vocabulary and enjoying the Hispanic way of life can be a rich experience with these Spanish language shows. Do you have any favorites amongst the ones listed above? Do you have a favorite we have missed out on? We would love to hear you out; please drop us a comment and tell us about your experiences with them telenovelas!
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Posted in Movies and Shows | No comments

Thursday, 4 October 2012

Flash Your Cards And Absorb Spanish

Posted on 22:30 by the khali
Easy Spanish is no myth. Much has been discussed, both here and elsewhere, about how total immersion accelerates your acquisition of Spanish. There’s one incredibly effective tool that we have skipped thus far and that’s what this article is all about: Spaced Repetition System or SRS. When it comes to nailing the alien Spanish vocabulary SRS is one of the best tools that can augment your regular immersion setup. What it does is slowly but surely wean you away from dictionaries and help you focus more on the insane amount of input you are drawing from the immersion-cocoon you have so painstakingly woven around yourself.

Spaced Repetition System


Flashcards make easy Spanish possible
Flashcards make Spanish vocabulary easy
Photo credit: flicktoast licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
So, what exactly is SRS? Nothing but a much more evolved version of your traditional flashcards. Remember, how paper flashcards helped you commit difficult concepts to memory with the only effort on your part being regular revision of the entire deck of cards? I still consider them the simplest, yet, the single most effective method of improving vocabulary.

The biggest advantage of flashcards is that they call for only a few minutes of flipping on your part on a daily basis and drive home difficult vocabulary seamlessly, without any cramming. We can call it a smarter way of cramming that takes less time and effects better retention. Another benefit is their flexibility; you can put down almost anything on the cards and they will work their magic without any problem. Use them to memorize words, difficult rules of grammar, or even hard to remember verb conjugations, flashcards work equally efficiently in all situations.

So much for them flashcards; now, what is SRS again? Well, spaced repetition is an improved learning methodology that introduces gradually increasing time intervals between subsequent reviews of previously learned items with the aim of exploiting the psychological spacing effect. And any computer application that facilitates or automates this process is a Space Repetition System.

Most SRS programs are modeled after physical flashcards and follow a similar pattern where items to memorize are entered as Q-A pairs. When a pair is due for review, the user must attempt to answer the question that is flashed on the screen. Upon answering, the user hits some option to manually reveal the right answer and feed the degree of difficulty into the program. This feedback is then used by the program’s internal algorithms to schedule pairs for future reviews. Paired with other retention tricks, such as visualization, SRS can be the ultimate weapon in your Spanish-learning arsenal.

What is Anki®?


Now, down to the brass tacks. Anki®. Anki® is a free flashcard application, or SRS, that has many built-in features that physical flashcards lack, such as downloadable word-libraries, scoring system, rep management, etc. another key aspect is the “time-spacing” feature. This is the feature that defines Anki® and underscores its effectiveness. You can add as many words or phrases (cards) in each library (and as many libraries) as you wish and then tag each card as “easy”, “difficult”, etc. You have the option to change the tag each time you revise the deck so what was “difficult” last week could be re-tagged as, say, “easy” today if you are reasonably comfortable. These tags define how often or at what frequency a card would appear in your review.

So, this way, Anki® manages not only what you need to revise, but also how often. All you need to do is browse through your decks which shouldn’t take you more than a few minutes everyday! Anki® does all the hard work for you without telling you about it. Besides, it also eliminates the need for you to tote around fat decks of physical cards which could easily be misplaced or scattered.

Anki® alternatives?


It is not the only SRS implementation there is. Then why Anki®? Well, honestly I don’t know. Call it habit? I got to know about Anki® when I first learned about SRS and I guess it’s human nature to stick with what’s comfortable and get comfortable with whatever comes first. So, I can’t go about how Anki® is better than all other SRS programs but my experience with it has nevertheless been excellent. You can, though, explore others like SuperMemo®, FullRecall®, etc. Anki® worked for me. And it’s free. I am a big fan of what’s simple and what’s free. Anki® scores on both counts and hence sits on my computer.

Treat your Anki® reps as a regular workout routine. Do them everyday and do them for sure. And don’t forget to appreciate the unbelievable amount of vocabulary you end up acquiring after only a few days of using it.

Ramses, my Dutch friend, talks extensively about the merits of SRS at The Language Dojo; I would strongly urge my readers to have a look at his blog which is rich in inspirational tips for language learners like us. You can however try out some of the other SRS systems like SuperMemo®, Mnemosyne®, FullRecall®, and jMemorize® and let others, including me, know how they went for you. There could be an Anki®-killer just round the corner, you never know. Whatever system you try, be sure to be consistent. Make SRS reps an integral part of your lifestyle and your Spanish will thank you.
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Posted in Resources, Tips and Tricks | No comments

Monday, 1 October 2012

Spanish Everyday, Spanish Everywhere

Posted on 12:14 by the khali
Welcome to yet another post on Spanish language immersion. Your visit here indicate that you are a lazy yet serious learner of this beautiful language and I am hoping you are making reasonable progress in your endeavor. Uncanny as it sounds, being able to communicate in Spanish as comfortably as native speakers doesn’t have to be as frustratingly difficult as them academicians would have us believe. I have always advocated total immersion as the only route to the Holy Grail of native-level proficiency. The benefits of immersion are applicable to Spanish as much as they do to any other language including our native tongue.

Total immersion is no rocket science


Live the Spanish language everyday
Live the Spanish language everyday
Photo credit: Paul Hamilton licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
Immersing yourself in Spanish is the only and, luckily, the quickest way to attain every language learner’s Nirvana. Over the past few posts on learning Spanish via immersion, we have already explored some quite powerful immersion techniques, i.e., music, movies, television, books, etc.

Here, we explore some more. It will only help to note that I am not inventing these techniques on my own. What I have done, instead, is explore the possibility of using Spanish for and in everything I do using English. So, in effect, I am just exploring things that I would usually do in English and start doing the very same things in Spanish. Easy-peasy! Now this doesn’t sound like something you cannot do, does it? In fact, if you look around and reflect closely enough, you will easily discover many more ways of building Spanish around you which could immensely help our community of learners.

Podcasts for that input overdose


Spanish language podcasts are best for immersive input
Spanish language podcasts are best for immersive audio input
Photo credit: Quinn Dombrowski licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
One very ubiquitous immersion tool that I missed out on in my earlier posts is podcasts. There are tons of wonderful free podcasts out there for the discerning listener that can give your ears the desperately needed acclimatization for the Spanish sound system or accent.

As with other methods, understanding every sentence, or any at all, is far from important in the beginning. Just focus on the rhythm, the intonation, the music of the language. Make it your second nature to be able to tell Spanish from any other language in the world, however close. Even as little as 30 minutes of listening a day will cast its spell on you and the magic will manifest in as little as 6 months if you are consistent enough.

I would also like to point here that you must be careful while choosing the right podcast for this purpose. If acquiring Spanish is your goal, the podcast you subscribe to must have authentic, native speakers from the country whose dialect you wish to eventually emulate. It is very important to avoid non-native speech as it will potentially give you a train-wreck of an accent, not to mention the utter inability to ever tell Spanish from its close cousins. Also, no matter what your level of Spanish is, always gun for podcasts where Spanish is being spoken at a natural, native pace. Most podcasts, particularly those aimed at learners, tend to have conversations at ridiculously slow rates of speech, not to mention the dumbed down vocabulary. Not only is this detrimental to your learning, but will also keep you ignorant of how Spanish is really spoken by real men and women. Remember that your sole motive here must be to develop an ear for the Spanish sounds. You got to to hit a stage where you can catch the drift even when half-asleep and everything sounds more or less fuzzy to you.

Label your world!


Post-its® are great for Spanish vocabulary
Post-its® are great for Spanish vocabulary
Photo credit: Spark Truck licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
Another powerful technique for absolute immersion is labeling your surroundings. Post-It® was the noblest of all inventions in human history from a Spanish learner’s standpoint. Make labels for every conceivable object in your environment both at work as well as back home. I can understand how silly this might sound to the rookie learner but the immersion effects of this activity is understated at best. This is the quickest and easiest method to remember the Spanish for some of the most useful words in your daily life. This is also one of the least intrusive ways to unknowingly make Spanish integral to your lifestyle, the key to native-level fluency.

The acceleration that this activity can bring to your Spanish learning program more than compensates for any amount of embarrassment.

 Having done this myself, I can strongly vouch for the efficacy of labeling all items in your household. I bloated my vocabulary out of proportion just by labeling my world and keeping them on for a month!

Keep in mind that perfection comes from practice. You can retain new words more effectively if you use them in place of the equivalent words in your native tongue as far as possible and wherever practical. For instance, when learning Spanish, substitute ‘uno’ for ‘one’ and ‘cena’ for ‘dinner.’ In time, the words will become second nature to you and you’ll understand them when you hear them spoken. You’ll be amazed at your ability to understand Spanish when you hear it spoken.

 Learning Spanish or any new language does not have to be so painful or painful at all. The beginning may be a little rough, but in time it does get a lot better. You will become fluent if you persevere and make good use of as many tricks and tips as possible.
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Posted in Immersion, Tips and Tricks | No comments

Streets Of Puerto Rico

Posted on 09:44 by the khali
Puerto Rico is a tiny but no less culturally significant Spanish-speaking country and, like every other Hispanic society, has its own jargon of street Spanish, the Boricua Spanish. Here, we’ll attempt to learn a bit of this lingo, primarily for fun. Usually, this kind of jargon is considered to add little value to one’s Spanish-learning program as knowledge of a bunch of slang words is rarely seen as an appropriate achievement. What this knowledge does, however, is add to the fun element in your learning. And we don’t really need to discuss the importance of fun in something that’s otherwise a monotonous enterprise.

Mind your language!


Extreme discretion must be exercised while using these words as improper usage could cause social damage beyond repairs. In español puertorriqueño, for instance, chocha is a slur for vagina (like cunt in English), while in Mexico it would represent a bird! To a Boricua (a Puerto Rican), a sea-shell is called concha while the same word is a vulgar slang for vagina in Argentina! Another example would be that in Puerto Rico, the word bizcocho means cake, while in Mexico it refers to a woman’s genitals.

Do not use Boricua slang unless you are very confident!
Do not use Boricua slang unless you are very confident!
Photo credit: Kevin licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
The moral of the story here is that even if you are familiar with a slang and are aware of its harmless character in one context or community, it might not always carry the same innocent interpretation in another community or context. You have already seen how something that appears totally harmless in Mexico can become taboo in Puerto Rico and vice-versa. This is equally relevant to other cultures as well, Hispanic and non-Hispanic alike. I have personally witnessed, even been at the heart of, several awkward situations during my interactions with Latinos from different countries on account of inappropriate usage of seemingly non-offensive colloquialism. Though you can still leverage the fact that you are a foreigner learning Spanish which should get you some consideration and sympathy from the locals, it is still better to steer clear of any unnecessary controversy and follow the etiquettes of your native buddies as closely as possible.

La lengua boriqueño


Boricua is the local word for the puertorriqueños
Boricua is the local word for puertorriqueños
Photo credit: Robert & Pam licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
Here is the list I have been talking about in this post; the far-from-exhaustive list of Boricua slangs:

acho – mainly used as a filler word between conversations

mano – buddy

colgar – to screw up/to goof up/to mess up

¿Qué es la que? – Wassup?

joder/chichar/chingar – to fuck

dar un tumbe – to be going to kill or steal

dejar los tennis en el piso – to run too fast

estar brutal – to be brutal (could be either a compliment or an insult, depending on the situation)

estar cabron – to be an ass (same as estar brutal; usually a criticism when used for a person, a compliment when for a non-human subject)

Las cosas se pusieron a chavito prieto. – Things turned for a penny each. (Used to comically describe a serious economic problem)

Los huevos se pusieron duros. – The eggs turned hard. (Same as “las cosas se pusieron a chavito prieto”)

¡Miércoles! – Shit! (A less offensive-sounding word than mierda)

The Boricua Spanish has become a widely recognized dialect today
The Boricua Spanish has become a widely recognized dialect today
Photo credit: Roca Ruiz licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
perro que huele carne – dog that smells meat (describing a situation where a person is close to getting what they desire)

formarse un sal pa fuera – forming of a get-out-of-here situation (describing a violent situation, e.g., a street fight, where many ran away from the scene)

formarse un corre y corre – forming of a race for everyone to get out of there (a comical way of describing a get-out-of-here situation)

¡Se lucio el chayote! – The coyote is showing-off! (An insult for speeding/honking drivers or drivers who screech their wheels while parking)

¡Tanto nadar para ahogarse en la orilla! – Much swimming, only to drown at the shore! (Indicating a situation where someone fails when on the verge of success)

cagarse del miedo – to shit in one’s pants out of fear

ser bien fiebru(a) – to be really into that (an admiration for someone’s passion for something)

¡Va pa chirola! – Someone is going to jail!

¡Vete pa’l carajo! – Go to hell! (Insult; sometimes followed by a so cabrón/cabrona)

¡Vete pa’l Caribe Hilton! – Go to hell! (Less insulting version of ¡Vete pa’l carajo!)

volando bajito – flying low (used for speeding drivers)

¡Y se le(s) esta haciendo tarde! – And it’s already getting too late! (Sport phrase used when an individual or team is far behind on scoring as the event nears its conclusion)

comemierda – snob (literally, shit-eater)

mamabicho – cocksucker (same as chupaverga in Mexico)

Feeling adventurous?


These are words and phrases that no Spanish dictionary under the sun would ever talk about. And there are many, many of them for the inquisitive learner in you. The streets of Puerto Rico have, over the years, churned enough slangs and colloquial expressions to warrant a thesaurus of their own. Therefore, needless to say, your best bet would be someone actually living in the country. Make Boricua chat-friends and enrich your vocabulary if you intend to become a puertorriqueño some day!

By the way, here’s a really good book of Boricua slang: Language of the Puerto Rican street: A slang dictionary with English cross-reference; by Cristino Gallo distributed in Puerto Rico by Book Service of Puerto Rico (1980); ISBN 0960417400; ISBN 978-0960417407. Of course you will most likely wish to buy it when “not” in Puerto Rico in which case, you can easily order it off Amazon®.
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Spanish Vs. Spanish

Posted on 00:03 by the khali
There is Spanish. And then there is Latin-American Spanish. Like any other organic language, Spanish is a living organism with a soul and mind of its own. A number of factors have driven its evolution and such consistent evolution over time has meant that today’s Spanish is as diverse and rich, as English or French, if not more. The Spanish dialects of Latin America were influenced, enriched, and shaped in all aspects, i.e., grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation, by the hundreds of indigenous Indian languages spoken in the region for centuries. Here, we explore some of the lexical differences between the two realms.

The diversity of Spanish


All Spanish dialects are mutually intelligible
All Spanish dialects are mutually intelligible
Photo credit: * CliNKer * licensed CC BY-SA 2.0
While standard Spanish is more or less consistent across the board, which means someone speaking standard Spanish would be understood more or less in any part of the Spanish-speaking world, it is the myriad local dialects that make it diverse and colorful. There are countless words in the Spanish of Spain that are either obsolete or used with a different meaning on the other side of the Pond and vice-versa; a classic example is discussed in the Street Spanish article on the Spanish for “jacket.” These dialectical differences are at times so strong that using a word in even a slightly wrong context could have hilarious or even awkward consequences.

It is said a language changes color, though hardly noticeable, every 50 miles. So, in effect, every village, every town, every community has its own dialect unique to its speech. However, not only are such variances out of this article’s scope, they are best absorbed once you have perfected basic communication skills and start interacting with the locals more regularly. This article is more about how Spanish is divided by the vast expanses of the Atlantic.

Same Spanish, different meanings


What follows is a list of some words unique to Latin-American Spanish along with their Castilian (mainland) and English equivalents. The first word in each row is Latin-American Spanish, the second, Castilian Spanish, and the third is English.

abreviarse – apresurarse –to hurry

acogencia – acogida/aceptación – welcome/acceptance

acuerpar – defender – to defend

afanar – ganar dinero – to earn money

amargoso – amargo – bitter

arrancarse – despedirse – to take time off

balaceo – tiroteo – gunfight

bestia – caballo – horse

bolilos – panecillos – buns, small loaves

bregar – trabajar – to work

camión – autobús – bus

candela – fuego – fire, cigarette light

catar – mirar – to look at

chancleta – acelerador – accelerator

closet – armario – closet/cupboard

computadora – ordenador – computer

diarismo – periodismo – journalism

de juro – sin remedio/a la fuerza – truly/by force

de pie – constantemente – constantly

despacharse – darse prisa – to hurry

droga – deuda – debt

eleccionario – electivo/elector – voter

esportivo – deportivo – sporting

estación – pinchazo – puncture

estampilla – sello – stamp

exigir – rogar – to ask

expeditar – despachar – to expedite or hurry along

expendio – local de venta al por menor – retailer

fatiga – agonía – agony

festinar – festejar – to celebrate

foja – hoja de papel – sheet of paper

frazada/cobija – manta – blanket

lindo – bonito – pretty

luego – al instante – right away

manejar – conducir – to drive

marfil – peine – comb

masacrar/ultimar – matar – to kill

memorias – recuerdos/saludos – memories

mercar – comprar – to buy

palo – trago – a drink

pararse – ponerse en pie – to stand up

parquear – aparcar – to park

plata – dinero – money

¿Qué tanto? – ¿Cuánto? – How much/many?

quedado/quedadizo – lento/indolente – slow/indolent

rajar – gastar mucho dinero – to spend a lot of money

rango – lujo – luxury

recordarse – despertarse – to wake up

rentar – alquilar – to rent

ruletero – taxista – cab driver

sabana – llanura – plain/savanna

saber – soler – to be used to

saco – chaqueta – jacket

sentirse – resentirse/estar dolido – to be upset

taita – padre – father

tajarrazo – herida – injury

tinto – café negro – black coffee

ubicar – colocar en un sitio precioso – to put in a particular spot/place

vallunco – rústico/burdo – vulgar/rustic

venduta – venta pública – sale to the public

zipote – muchacho – young man

Of course, this is not all there is!


I am sure you understand that no list can fully capture the diversity of a language as rich as Spanish. Close to a dozen countries speak this lingo and the speakers represent a cultural diversity as broad as few other languages. From indigenous Indians of Perú to the Caucasians of Spain and from the Negros of the Caribbean to the Mestizos of Mexico, the speakers of this language obviously show a variety no word-list can reasonably encapsulate.

As always, I would strongly urge those who are learning Spanish and wish to further research these lexical variances to step out of their comfort-zones, make friends with those native speakers and explore this diversity for themselves. While the list above should do well to give you a hint of how Spanish of the New World sounds different from that of Spain, the actual count of such differences is practically limited only by the innate human kack for cultural variety. As a further illustration, there’s an interesting article on the Spanish language translation for “bathing.”

As a closing note, I must also let you know that when a language changes its color along with geography, it is not only in its vocabulary. Spanish exhibits many examples of changes even in its grammar when it comes to local usage and while most local grammatical constructs are non-standard, a knowledge of their patters surely enriches your experience and brings you steps closer to your culture of choice. Pronunciation too undergoes similar changes and makes for an interesting study.
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